| Selected
Speeches from 1936 Nuremberg Rally |
The Party Rally of Honor
Dr. Walther Schmitt
A clear tradition determines
the course of the National Party Congress of the NSDAP. It begins
with the ringing of every bell in Nuremberg. The party calls Germany
to the great gathering of the Germans and announces simultaneously
that the Führer has entered the city. Nuremberg then greets
the Führer and the party in the old, splendid city hall. The
congress gathers the next day to hear Adolf Hitler's yearly proclamation
The Führer reviews what has been accomplished and outlines
and gives orders for the future. This annual gathering is a powerful
arena in which the energy of the entire people is gathered to set
the next goals and receive new direction. The cultural session takes
place that evening. Adolf Hitler gives a major speech that expounds
on the cultural duties of the movement.
Adolf Hitler's double
proclamation to the party rally makes clear the inner National Socialist
unity of political accomplishment and cultural guidance. That alone
says more about the National Socialist movement than all the intellectual
analysts could say with a thousand essays. The combination of politics
and culture in the party rally's program is clear proof of the enormous
confidence that fills the German renewal movement, and which as
always spurs it on to still greater accomplishments. No matter how
splendid and triumphant the political accomplishments discussed
in the morning are, come evening the party reports on it cultural
strengths and achievements. It knows that great political accomplishments
also demand great works of art, and that only these will justify
its position in history. As the Führer has said, National Socialism
sees artistic creations as the highest expression of a nation's
being. This view, which breaks decisively from the past, was expressed
in the conclusion of his speech about the new German cultural era
at Nuremberg in 1936: "Art is the only truly immortal product
of human activity."
On the next day, the
series of powerful marches by National Socialist organizations begins.
Each has its own characteristics that give expression to a part
of National Socialist life and National Socialist behavior. Although
much in the marches is different, all are united by a single rhythm
and a single will. Each follows the beat of the German march that
determines its pace, each looks to the Führer and repeats each
year the pledge of loyalty that is within their hearts.
It is only natural that
the series of marches begins each year with the Day of the Labor
Service. The lives of these young working men give the clearest
and most beautiful expression to the will, the goals and the longing
of fighting National Socialism. Here we see selfless service to
the community of the people and the unprejudiced camaraderie of
all Germany in service of the great law they all serve. "You
do not know how much the German people love you. You have become
such a part of our national life that we can no longer imagine it
without you," said the Führer to the 45,000 young German
workers who appeared before him on 10 September 1936.
The march of the political
leaders follows that of the Labor Service, then the Day of the Hitler
Youth, the roll call of the SA, SS and NSKK, and finally the Day
of the Army. Always new images, new columns, each committed to certain
tasks and obligations in service to Germany, showing always therefore
the same unshakable unity.
At the same time, numerous
meetings of party offices and commissions occur, along with sessions
of the larger congress. In these meetings, party offices report
on what they have done and outline what they plan to do in the coming
year. These meetings too are "roll calls," examinations
of what has been done and of what will be done. Besides the presence
of the Führer, the size of the mass meetings, the days of the
National Socialist Women's League and the annual meeting of the
German Labor Front are particularly impressive.
On the seventh day, after
all the meetings are finished and the series of great marches concludes
with the military, the party congress gathers a final time. The
Führer appears in person and in his final speech sends the
party home to take up the work of the coming year. The words Adolf
Hitler speaks to his comrades and followers stay with them for the
next twelve months, and are at the same time a call for everyone
who lives and fights in the German community. The Führer has
the last clear word, showing how the movement is doing in meeting
its historical mission. He tells each National Socialist what his
place is and what his duties are. The party rally finds its clearest
symbol and its greatest power in this last dialogue between the
Führer and his followers, all of whom are stall deeply moved
by what they have experienced and also looking forward to the tasks
awaiting them at home.
That is the external
course of the party rally that has developed over the past three
years, slowly and organically, and which now has its final form.
This is not a calcified form, however, rather the vast and necessary
frame that organizes the concentrated power of National Socialism
within a limited space. There are already plans and ideas to give
today's structures new power, and which within a few years will
give the Reich party rally even greater scope.
National Socialist unity
is obvious, displaying an ever living dynamic both in spiritual
directions as well as in artistic achievements.
The proclamations the
party gives to the public grow sharper, more precise each year.
Each party rally is a blacksmith's anvil under which the profile
of the new Germany is receiving its clear lines and shape.
Simultaneously and serving
as powerful witnesses to a unique will, the buildings of the party
rally are taking shape. The Luitpold Arena was used for the first
time in 1935 as the marching ground for the brown army in its new
form. This field unites in stone the youthful power of the movement
with the memory of the dead of the war. Three enormous 24-meter
flags of the movement hang above the bright white limestone platform.
Even higher stand the two eagles of the movement, unique in their
artistic form, and also the two largest bronze castings made in
Germany in decades. This new field is the first example of National
Socialist Germany's new architectural style, expressed in the form
of a large arena for marches and ceremonies.
More powerful and impressive
still is the large Zeppelin Field, completed for the 1936 Parity
Congress of Honor. A shimmering row of columns 350 meters long leads
from the large platform from which the Führer speaks. The proud
bright marble joins with the brilliant red of the swastika flags
to form an indescribably festive harmony.
On the banks of Nuremberg's
Dutzendteich, work is progressing on the enormous new Congress Hall.
Simultaneously the last changes are being made in the overall plan
of the Reich Party Rally grounds as a result of the Führer's
thinking. Still to come are the May Field, a large culture building,
an exhibition hall, a stadium, and a triumphal processional street
of the movement. The original plans from 1934 are now only a part
of the whole. The final form of this great artistic achievement
will be five times as large.
Just as the will of the
Führer gives each year gives new impetus to the architectural
nature of the rally, so to the tasks and program grows in scope.
As the final scope of the party rally's grounds became clear, Adolf
Hitler announced at the conclusion of the 1936 party rally that
it will in the future become a great German Olympic festival: "What
came of the pitiable rallies of our former opponents! Now we see
a great exhibition of the nation in political, military, spiritual,
cultural and economic arenas. The physical activity of the nation
must also be included in the splendid new facilities of the party
rally grounds. It will be a new Olympia, one in modern form and
under a different name!" Once again the Führer revealed
in these words the greatness of an idea which is not a dead teaching,
rather part of our innermost being, an ever living appeal to all
sound feelings and to the creative strength of each German.
This plan for future
Reich party rallies is part of Adolf Hitler's larger plans, including
a new Nuremberg, the transformation of the capital of the movement
[Munich], and the reconstruction of Berlin, the capital of the German
Reich. We sense that just as Napoleon transformed Paris into the
glittering center of his state with monumental plans, so too the
national capital of Berlin will become a source of pride and greatness
for the entire nation.
It finally would be improper
if the artistic level of the ceremonies themselves were not of a
level keeping with their vast new surroundings. This was evident
both in the youth ceremonies and those of the Labor Service at the
1936 Party Rally of Honor. Their simple clarity and almost architectural
form were a deep expression of the new German life. The same was
true of the powerful oath of political leaders of the movement,
held under the deep black night sky. As Adolf Hitler was greeted,
spotlights suddenly shot up 150 kilometers into the heavens, creating
a dome of light of unimaginable splendor above the Zeppelin Field.
This political roll call of National Socialism took place under
a symphony of flags, light and disciplined columns, towered over
by the marble platform.
Every moment of this
party really demonstrated the creative, constructive will of the
National Socialist movement. Everyone in Nuremberg felt this and
was swept away by its force. The spiritual strength of the party
of construction led to an inevitable confrontation with Jewish-International
Bolshevism, whose systematic work of destruction has brought one
nation after another in Europe to crisis and misery.
As a proud victor, the
Führer in his opening proclamation could list the accomplishments
of his government and the movement, which National Socialism has
done in less than four years since it took power. The battle against
unemployment and the large new economic undertakings are part of
a long series of accomplishments that only four years ago seemed
an impossible dream, but today are already part of a history that
National Socialism hardly speaks about any longer. Yet these great
achievements are not the party's crowning glory. More beautiful
and glorious is the educational work of the movement, its building
of a new German man. The accomplishments thus far have never been
rivaled by any previous government in so short a time. Already the
Führer sets the goal for the coming four years:
"In four years
Germany must be independent of all foreign raw materials. We must
produce them ourselves, whether by German ability or through our
chemical, machine and mining industries."
The foundations for our
economic and social well-being have been laid in the first four
years. This alone would have taken previous governments a long time
indeed. But for National Socialism it is only the first step on
which a truly new chapter of the German people can be based. The
ability of the movement to energetically take on this task was proven
by Adolf Hitler's declaration that he had already given the first
orders for this new Four Year Plan.
The man who has such
constructive accomplishments behind him, and who sets as the goal
for the coming years not wars of conquest, rather putting the energies
of his people to new economic and cultural goals, has every right
at the close of the National Socialist rally to warn the entire
world, and Europe in particular, of the Bolshevist world plague.
The Führer spoke of the lessons of political development in
recent years. He spoke as well of the experiences that Germany and
the National Socialist movement have had with the destructive Bolshevist
idea. He proclaimed the iron will of the new Germany to drive back
with force any Bolshevist attack. In this moment the Führer
of Germany became the greatest political prophet in all of Europe.
The National Socialists
who heard Germany's Führer know that the words Adolf Hitler
spoke in Nuremberg are the result of serious, mature reflection,
careful observation, and irresistable logic. Here speaks a man who
knows better than anyone else the bestial nature and methods of
Bolshevism. His warning and firm bearing were therefore a political
prophecy that will guide the future development of European politics.
The movement in Nuremberg understood. The thanks and jubilation
of his followers doubled as he called up the old iron laws and virtues
of the National Socialist movement to stand up to Bolshevism, hammering
them once more into the hearts of his followers. Our brown army
overcame Jewish-Bolshevist anarchy in Germany, marching under the
eagles of the National Socialist standards and our red battle flags.
The spirit that led the German war for independence against Moscow
will make Germany strong in the future, defeating any Bolshevist
attack on central Europe. That is the message of Nuremberg.
Race and Population
Policy
Dr. Gerhard Wagner
The world has been most
interested in the policies and actions of National Socialism that
have to do with its new approach to the concepts of race and population.
From my experience, one
can divide those who respond to the New Germany's measures in these
regards with a lack of understanding, uncertainty, opposition, or
even hostility, into several groups.
One group consists of
emigres and ignoramuses. I group them together because we are going
to ignore them. Even the gods fight in vain against ignorance and
stupidity, and emigre lies have become so outrageous and tasteless
that they find ever fewer gullible listeners abroad.
Another group consists
of scholars and scientists, a group steadily becoming smaller -
even abroad - as is clear from the most varied decisions of foreign
and international scientific societies that agree with our racial
hygiene measures and our genetic policies. We can only say to these
learned critics that our genetic and racial thinking stems in the
end not from our scientific, but rather from our National Socialist
convictions, and that it was not learned scientists, but rather
our Führer Adolf Hitler, and he alone, who made genetic and
racial thinking the center of our National Socialist worldview and
the foundation of the rebuilding of our people's state. The doctrines
of blood and race are not first of all an important and interesting
piece of biological science to us, but rather above all else a political-ideological
attitude that fundamentally determines our attitudes to things and
to the questions of life.
More important than these
two groups, however, are those who reject or oppose us because they
hold to another worldview.
Those who base their
materialist image of the world on the doctrines of a liberal or
Marxist era cannot understand how we can have dethroned their idols
of "the economy and Mammon," replacing them at the center
of our National Socialist process of construction and renewal with
the German man, with the German people.
The other groups with
a worldview warn their sheep in Christian piety, and in the name
of both confessions, of the errors of National Socialist genetic
and racial doctrines, and of the errors of the measures taken by
the Third Reich. I have this request to those who, in contrast to
the communist and Marxist foreign apostles, overtly and covertly
go about their business at home: When you don the worthy priestly
robes of either confession and claim that "your kingdom is
not of this world," please concern yourselves with your kingdom
and leave to us the responsibility for the kingdom of this world.
Allow us to form our German state according to our laws and needs.
My fellow party members,
you know the reasons for our National Socialist population and racial
policies. We want to rescue a dying people from the edge of the
abyss and lead it back to the paths that will lead, according to
human reason, to a future in the coming millennium. We must oppose
the three great dangers of racial and biological decline that have
repeatedly destroyed states, peoples, and cultures in the past if
they did not succeed it resisting in good time. We must therefore
contend with these three issues: the decline in the birth rate,
the increase in sick and unfit genes in our people, and the mixing
of the blood of our people with that of foreign and unrelated peoples,
in particular with Jewish blood.
When I spoke here a year
ago about the necessity of a law to protect German blood, none of
us imagined that a few days later the Führer would present
his people with the brilliant Nuremberg Laws, the "Reich Citizenship
Law" and the "Law for the Protection of German Blood and
German Honor." The law to protect German blood created clarity
in the Jewish Question, and the Reich citizenship law fulfilled
points 4 and 5 of the National Socialist program.
Points 4 and 5 state:
"Only racial comrades
may be citizens. A racial comrade can only be someone of German
blood, without regard to religious confession. No Jew can therefore
be a citizen."
"He who is not
a citizen may live in Germany only as a guest, and must abide by
the laws for foreigners."
The Nuremberg Laws replaced
the concept of "citizen of the state" with "citizen
of the Reich." That by itself had only formal significance.
It did not by itself realize the demands of the party program.
However, the Nuremberg
Laws make further infiltration of Jewish blood into the German national
body impossible. To National Socialists, whose racial standpoint
is anchored in blood, the wide-ranging scope of this historic decision
makes all the other political and economic aspects of laws regarding
the Jews of secondary importance.
The Nuremberg Laws would
have been incomplete and unfinished had they not dealt with the
status of the so-called German-Jewish half breeds, that is, the
half and quarter Jews. This bastardized mixed race is not wanted,
and the goal of the legislation is to make it disappear - both biologically
and politically - as soon as possible. The marriage regulations
will lead to that. A quarter Jew may only marry someone of full
German blood, and a half Jew, provided he has not chosen to belong
to the Jewish religion, or as we prefer, married a Jewish partner
and thereby joined the Jewish people, may marry a German only with
the permission of the Ministry of the Interior and the Deputy Führer
[Rudolf Hess' office].
It came as no surprise
to us, indeed it was what we expected, that the Nuremberg Laws were
a welcome occasion for the Jews and their allies to scream about
the "German barbarians." It is not worth the time to look
into all these varied complaints. Our handling of the Jewish question
is a matter of domestic German policy, but we do hope that many
of our foreign Olympic guests were able to see for themselves how
badly things are going for the"poor Jews" in terrible
Nazi Germany.
To those who think that
our regulations on the marriage of half Jews in Germany are unreasonable
- or depending on their attitudes, inhumane or unchristian - I can
only say that if the church can demand celibacy of hundreds of thousands,
we believe before God and our consciences that it is good for our
German people for us to forbid 200,000 half Jews to marry Germans.
I can well understand
those German racial comrades who want to refuse any mixture of foreign
Jewish blood at all, and who cannot understand the marriage regulations
of the Nuremberg Laws that permit marriage to quarter Jews. To them
I say that we have confidence that our 67 million people will be
able to absorb the 100,000 quarter Jews - there are no more than
that - without significant damage.
But those who believe
that the Jewish question has been fully resolved in Germany by the
Nuremberg Laws must know that the battle goes on. World Jewry itself
is seeing to that. We will be victorious only when each German racial
comrade knows that it is a matter of our very existence. The party's
educational and training work seems to me more necessary than ever
before, since even some party comrades see these matters as no longer
relevant or important.
People are always saying
that our National Socialist racial thinking is materialistic, unchristian,
chauvinistic, imperialistic, and that it leads to the defamation
of foreign races and peoples. The opposite is the case. We believe
that our racial policy is the surest guarantee for mutual respect
and for peaceful coexistence between the peoples of this world.
Someone of another race is different from me both in body and soul,
for both are important. This makes no value judgment about other
races. We are too conscious of the relationship between our own
blood and our own race to presume to make such a judgment, which
could only come from a standpoint that thought itself above race
and humanity.
Scientifically, the differences
between races and peoples are incontrovertible. That is the foundation,
the justification, and also the obligation of any racial policy,
without which, according to our view, Europe and the whole world
can never be at peace. National Socialism would never use military
action to forcibly take over nations or populations that differ
from us in blood and soul, since they would forever remain foreign
elements within our state. We therefore reject chauvinism and imperialism,
since we grant to other races on this earth the same right we claim
for ourselves, namely the right to form our own live and environment
according to the necessities and laws of our nature. Racial policy
is thus to us a policy of peace.
Finally, a word to those
who reject our racial policy as "unchristian." God has
chosen to create humanity in the form of various races, as he has
done in all of the rest of nature. Those who ignore race and its
laws are not acting in a Christian manner, but rather we claim to
be following the will of God, who has created the various racial
types of this world so that each may maintain the greatest possible
racial purity that will enable to develop its particular strengths.
I turn next to the second
process of biological decline that has long been evident in our
people: an improper selection that has neglected the most valuable
elements in an almost criminal manner while providing for and supporting
the inferior with endless resources.
The millions and billions
that we have spent and the past, and the about one billion marks
that we sacrifice today for the care of the genetically ill, is
a squandering of our national resources that we National Socialists
cannot justify when we consider the needs of the healthy population.
Healthy working class families with numerous children today earn
only enough for the necessities of life, which means that it is
irresponsible that the state must provide the money for some genetically
ill families who may have several family members in institutions
costing thousands of marks annually.
The National Socialist
state cannot repair the failings of the past, but through the "Law
for the Prevention of Genetically Ill Offspring," it has seen
to it that in the future the inferior will not be able to produce
more inferior children, saving the German people from a steady stream
of new moral and economic burdens resulting from genetic illnesses.
I discussed these matters
in greater detail at the last two party rallies, so I will here
respond only to several objections that have been made that might
worry or concern harmless and gullible souls, though the objections
are outbalanced by constantly growing praise from the whole world.
To those who claim that
we act in an unchristian way, sinning against the will of God, we
reply that we are convinced that we are acting consistent with the
will of the creator when we prevent unhealthy life from being propagated,
saving children and their children from new and enormous misery.
The creator himself established the laws of life, which harshly
and brutally let all that is unworthy of life perish to make room
for the strong and healthy to whom the future belongs. This is necessary
for the preservation and development of all that lives on this earth.
Even more absurd is the
objection that our law on the sterilization of the genetically ill
permits their sterilization without their explicit consent. We think
it would be ridiculous to allow the genetically ill, who may lack
intelligence - as with the feeble-minded - or free will - as in
the case of the mentally ill - to make this decision, particularly
since we already control their use of money and other dead things.
It would be absurd to leave them with far more important decisions
on procreation and children.
Other critics from the
communist-Marxist camp deny us the right to think that we are acting
correctly when we prevent inferior life, while at the same time
refusing to permit the unlimited right to abortion when the growing
life is valuable, even if a mother, a doctor, or someone else wishes
it.
I believe that we have
a good conscience before the world when we eliminate life that is
unworthy of life, particularly when we see everywhere that the poisonous
seed of communism is senselessly slaughtering thousands of valuable
people.
But the National Socialist
state is interested in more than merely preventing the spread of
unfit genes. Just as important, indeed even more important, are
the measures that aim to care for and promote the nation's valuable
genes.
The most important measure
since the last party rally is the "Law for the Protection of
the Genetic Health of the German People" of 18 October 1935.
As a "healthy marriage act," it returns marriage to its
real purpose - producing healthy children. It provides for careful
marriage counseling to ensure that people will marry only if it
can be expected that their children will be healthy - genetically
healthy.
A large number of other
measures promote health and physical ability, maintain the military
and productive readiness of the German people, and advance these
by all possible means.
The duty of the state
is to protect the people's health through legal measures, and to
ensure that these policies are implemented. The task of the movement
is to win the support of the people for these government policies,
and to reestablish the sense of responsibility people have toward
themselves, their families, and their people. The rights and necessities
of the whole people supersede the right of the individual to his
own body.
The state is responsible
for ensuring health, the party is responsible for providing leadership
in the area. The two reinforce and support the same goal: the maintenance
and improvement of the strength of the German people.
Successful leadership
in the area of health is primarily in the hands of the approximately
20,000 expert physicians with a reliable worldview who are organized
in the Office for People's Health. They are the foundation of the
confidence which must exist between those who will lead and those
who are to be lead. We do not believe this confidence develops in
the offices of state physicians, but rather only in personal contact
between the individual citizen and a doctor whom he trusts. Our
ideal. therefore, is not based on the laws, regulations and rulings
of experienced state doctors, but rather in the German people's
doctor, the old family doctor,who respects nature and knows how
to use its healing powers - which have often been criminally ignored
in the past. Of course, he also understands the methods of academic
medicine. Since he understands racial hygiene, he will never never
forget the people as a whole when he treats the individual. Prevention
is more important to the doctor than healing! He wants to be a faithful
aide not only in time of sickness, but also a counselor and a friend
when someone is healthy. He is happier with a child who runs toward
him with joy than with the most interesting and perhaps the most
lucrative sickness.
I know that confidence
in the German doctor suffered in many places in the past. I know
that a comprehensive restructuring of a profession does not happen
overnight, but rather requires a reasonable time. But I also know
that an ever growing number of our German doctors are conscious
of the great responsibility they have in the front lines of the
battle for the strength and preservation of our people's blood,
the most valuable treasure we possess, and the one thing that -
once lost - can never be regained.
History teaches us in
the long run peoples are not destroyed by economics or politics,
by natural catastrophes, wars or inner struggles, but rather the
last and ultimate cause behind every people's decline throughout
history has a biological foundation that broke its strength and
health. Many peoples have suffered heavy blows, including huge costs
in living racial comrades, yet recovered within a few generations
because their fertility was unharmed and their will to life remained
healthy and strong. How often have healthy children sprung from
the wombs of a defeated people and grown to become avengers and
liberators who led their people to new greatness and to new triumphs.
Strength and health are
given but once to a people, and once lost, they can never be regained,
unlike destroyed cities and ruined fields.
In this regard, it is
valuable to look at conditions in the Russian Soviet Union.
Although for understandable
reasons it is not reported in official statistics and reports, various
announcements and newspaper articles make it clear that heath conditions
in Russia are becoming more and more catastrophic.
"Communist Pravda"
writes on 24 February 1936: All the hospitals in Moscow were built
over 20 or 30 years ago. No major repairs have been made for decades.
The ceiling and walls of the department of infectious diseases were
last painted in 1925. Hospitals are constantly short of needles,
smocks, hand towels, as well as body and hand soap. In the leading
Moscow model clinic, the bedding is tattered, and the mattresses,
as in most hospitals, are entirely worn out.
"Pravda" of
7 July 1935 complains about criminal conduct against the health
of workers and provides distressing numbers about illnesses resulting
from unhealthy working conditions at the Moscow factory for measuring
instruments during the first half of the year 1934.
It is also striking that,
according to a report from Louis Fisher in the "Neuer Tagebuch"
in 1936, the number of births in Moscow has steadily declined in
recent years from 30.7 to 15.3, that is by more than half, and the
number of abortions has increased by a factor of six. It is one
and a half times as large as the number of births.
These reports make it
clear that the Russian leaders have allowed unbelievable damage
to be done to their people's health that will have bitter consequences
for this people and for its military strength. To these Russian
communist leaders, their people are only puppets in the battle for
power, be that a struggle between various Jewish cliques or the
struggle to establish communist-Jewish world domination. The well-known
Franciscan priest and sociologist Dussee, who is certainly not guilty
of any great love for Germany, wrote in the "New York Times"
of 14 July 1936 that he had come to the conclusion, after six years
of research, that communism was only a facade for international
capitalism. We can only hope, in the interests of humanity, that
this knowledge spreads more and more throughout the world.
My party comrades, we
must understand that all the measures of our population policy that
I have already described to you only make sense when the corresponding
population is at hand, and the birth rate is sufficient to keep
the population at the necessary level.
The German people grew
from 42 million to 67 million between 1870 and today, but not through
an increase in the birth rate, but only because the death rate constantly
fell, resulting in an increase in the average life span. Aside from
the fact that this shift leads to an undesired increase in the average
age of the population, the death rate cannot go on falling forever,
since we cannot abolish death and illness.
If the birth rate of
the last decade were to continue - between 1900 and 1933, the annual
number of births fell from two million to one million, which means
it has fallen by half - a substantial decline in Germany's population
would over time be inevitable. The German Office of Statistics estimates
that the population of the German Reich would fall to about 47 million
by the year 2000, and continue to fall thereafter, until another,
stronger people would move into the empty space and our Germany
would vanish from history like the old Greeks and other cultures
of the past.
You know that since the
takeover of power, there has been a happy improvement in the catastrophic
population decline that had until then prevailed. The number of
marriages, which had fallen to 517,000 in 1932, rose to 639,000
in 1933, 739,000 in 1934, and 651,000 in 1935.
The number of births
per thousand reached its lowest point in 1933 at 14.7, or 971,000.
In 1934 it rose for the first time in a long while to 1,197,000,
or 18 per thousand, an increase of about a quarter. Despite a substantial
decline in the number of marriages, the number of births rose again
to 1,261,000, or 18.9 per thousand of the population. That is a
very good situation that we can be more than proud of, since it
shows unexpected and unrequested confidence in the government leadership
and in the political and economic future.
Still, those voices both
at home and abroad - I remember, for example, a recent article in
Mussolini's paper "Popolo d'Italia" - are premature in
drawing the conclusion that the German people has already resolved
its population crisis. Aside from the fact that a birth rate of
20 per thousand is necessary to maintain our population, a figure
that we have not yet reached, we have to expect a significant reduction
in the number of marriages in coming years, which is the result
of a not insignificant decline in the war and postwar generations
that are now reaching marrying age. Thirty years of a declining
birth rate have cost Germany around 13 million unborn children.
From the standpoint of racial hygiene, a particularly painful and
serious loss is the 3 to 3.5 million unborn children who would have
been born to the best of our people, those who remained on the field
of honor. They now would have been married and had children, the
mothers and fathers of a strong generation that is now missing.
The statistics of the
first quarter of 1935 show that the declining marriage rate of 1935
is continuing. There were 10.4% fewer marriages than in the first
quarter of 1935. At the same time, the statistics also prove the
very happy fact that, just as last year, the decline of the birth
rate has not been parallel to the decline in the marriage rate.
It fell by only 1.4%, a bit less than last year.
All of our efforts and
policies must aim at maintaining these favorable birth statistics,
and strengthening them.
The critical question
is whether we can succeed in reaching an average of three to four
live births per marriage. Only that will guarantee the survival
of our people. The duty of the state is to provide legal and especially
economic measures to equalize the burdens that today fall particularly
heavily on families with many children. The task of the movement
will continue to teach the people through a powerful campaign of
education and enlightenment that the path to the future leads through
a generation of healthy children, a generation large enough to maintain
- and if necessary - defend what their parents and ancestors have
won and created. The deepest causes of the decline in the birth
rate are not economic. They are spiritual, they are rooted in the
hostile attitude of the past era to families and children. If we
do not succeed in changing this internal attitude of the German
people, all our population policy efforts - however generous they
may be - will be useless and without hope.
Only when the German
people join to its powerful political will to self assertion a determined
affirmation of its will to life, to the maintenance of its population
both in number and in kind, will it guarantee its military strength,
its freedom, its honor, and its future for all times.
The Ceremony of the Hitler Youth
On Sunday all Nuremberg
was filled with the presence of young Germany. From the earliest
hours of the morning, endless columns of Hitler Youth marched to
the stadium. As always, it is a marvelous sight: In rows of 48,
the youth stand with others from their area. It is a picture of
discipline and strength. Other Hitler lads and girls sit in the
seats around the field. Across from the Führer's platform are
the choirs and music groups, and high above the watchtowers from
which fanfares and drumbeats will sound. Rows of Naval Hitler Youth
stand to the right and left of the Führer platform.
Among the guests of honor
on the platform are the Reich Ministers as well as Reichleiters
Amann, Bormann, Buch, Rosenberg, Dr. Ley, Dr. Dietrich, and all
the Gauleiters of the movement. The military is represented by the
Commander of the Luftwaffe, Reich Minister General Göring,
General Fritsch and Admiral Raeder. Many officers of the army, Luftwaffe
and navy as well as the leaders of the party, the state, and the
diplomatic corps are seated behind the Reich Ministers. In the front
alongside the Gauleiters are Chief of the S.A. Lutze and Reichsführer
of the SS Himmler.
A few minutes before
ten a command thunders over the field. The units and detachments
stiffen, then break out in thousand-fold jubilation: The Führer
has arrived.
He strides slowly through
the columns of the SS along with the Reich Youth Leader, Reich Minister
Rudolf Heß and the staff leader of the Reich Youth Leadership,
Lauterbacher.
There is deep silence
as the Reich Youth Leader introduces the Führer to the 50,000
young men. The Führer steps to the microphone to speak to his
boys and girls who have so longed for this moment: "Heil, my
youth," the Führer greets them. 50,000 throats return
the greeting with thanks.
Silence returns and we
experience the ceremony of young Germany.
The greeting of the youth
is scarcely done when trumpets from the towers announce the beginning
of the ceremony. Accompanied by a band under the direction of Bannführer
Spitta, the freedom song of the youth sounds out like an oath:
Germany, holy word,
eternal.
Be you forever blessed.
Holy are your lakes, holy your forests,
Holy your silent heights
Down to the green sea.
The land falls into sorrows,
Therefore we rise up;
Our helmets shine in the sunrise,
Our hearts rise up.
Freedom is the fire,
It is the bright vision,
As long as it flames high,
The world is never small.
As the song fades out,
a bright young voice calls out a confession to the Führer.
We all stand deeply moved. Everyone who experiences the moment sees
an unforgettable scene:
While the song "A
Young People Rises Up" is sung, slowly and solemnly the field
banners of the Hitler Youth enter the stadium. 50,000 young throats
welcome the banners and their bearers, who have marched for weeks
across Germany with the flags of faith in the Führer.
They left weeks ago,
some from the East where the Tannenberg Memorial holds holy watch,
others from where coal is mined, some from the sea, others from
where the royal mountains reach to the skies. Their march through
Germany carrying the flag was an affirmation of the love and loyalty
the whole German youth has for the Führer. They are the flags
that were sanctified on the tomb of Frederick the Great, and before
them a Hitler Youth carries the bloody flag of the immortal Herbert
Norkus. We think back at this moment to that Sunday morning in February
of 1932 when a simple working lad died for his faith in Adolf Hitler,
one of so many who gave their lives in the struggle for their faith.
The moment the participants
enter the stadium is a splendid experience for the participants
in the Adolf Hitler March. They had carried their flags across country
roads in all of Germany, through sun, rain and storm.
Once again the hymn sounds
out:
Let the flags fly
In the glorious sunrise
That guides us to new victories
Or into flaming death.
Then the Reich Youth
Leader steps to the microphone:
My Führer. It is
five years since you gave me the task of leading the National Socialist
youth. You described to me and my comrades what kind of youth organization
it would be. The goal you outlined then, my Führer, is now
a reality before you. You told us then to establish a youth community
in which the sole rule should be that of achievement.
Before you stand the
leaders of the HJ, some of whom are the sons of the poorest of our
nation. What significance do concepts like poverty and wealth have
in the reality of such a community?
In the future one will
call only those poor who did not belong to this community when they
were young (stormy applause). You further told us, my Führer,
that this youth should be brought together not only by enthusiasm,
but also by discipline and order. We have worked for years to fulfill
your command, which today it is realized before you. We are proud
to be worthy part of your great National Socialist movement. We
were unable to meet only one of your requirements. You said then
that you would think it a great success if we were able to bring
a hundred thousand German youth together in a single organization.
My Führer, you forgot that you had given this organization
your name. You asked for a hundred thousand, but they have all come
(thunderous applause). The number of this youth is also something
in which they may take pride. They have proved that there is something
even stronger than you thought, my Führer, the love the German
youth have for you (stormy shouts of Heil).
There are many happy
moments during one's youth. This each year is our happiest. We feel
even more than others, my Führer, that we are bound to you
by your name. Your name is the youth's happiness! Your name, my
Führer, is our immortality! Our Führer: Sieg Heil!
Baldur von Schirach's
last words are downed out by the jubilation of the masses. But silence
falls immediately as the Führer speaks to his youth. Again
and again storms of applause fill the stadium as Adolf Hitler clearly
speaks that which lives in young hearts.
The Führer speaks
to the German youth
[I am not translating
the bulk of Hitler's speech, since it is available in the English
translation of Max Domarus' collection of Hitler's speeches. It's
rather expensive, but major libraries will have it. Hitler concluded
the speech in this way:]
We live in exciting times.
We make no complaints. We are used to battle, for out if it we came.
We will plant our feet firmly in our earth, and no attack will move
us. You will stand with me, should such a time come! You will stand
before me, at my side, and behind me, holding our flags high! Let
our old enemies attempt to rise up once more! They may wave their
Soviet flags before us - but our flag will win the battle!
A command interrupts the jubilation. The columns are lined up perfectly,
the Presentation March sounds out, accompanied by the rhythmic beating
of the drums. The Führer watches, along with the Reich Youth
Leader, Reich Minister Heß and Staff Leader Lauterbacher.
He walks slowly down the lines of youth. Again and again the Presentation
March plays. The Führer admires the wonderful discipline of
the faithful youth of his only youth movement.
The flags rise once more
as young throats sing the songs of the nation as if in prayer. The
Führer stands in his car for a drive through the stadium and
only after Adolf Hitler is long gone to the shouts of Heil fade.
The Transformation of the German Press in
National Socialist Germany
Max Amann
The National Socialist
seizure of power gave us the task of forming all of German life
according to the spirit of National Socialism. The Führer's
difficult fourteen-year struggle gave us the character and methods
we needed to meet the challenges. A look back on what had been accomplished
in the three and a half years since the National Socialist revolution,
with its many actions and decisions, shows us that only it allowed
us to fulfill our goals, and that it alone is able to find solutions
to the problems facing the German people. We need the compass that
the Führer gives us through his model and teachings, and to
pledge to follow and remain loyal to that which we learned during
the struggle for power. The virtues we learned then led to National
Socialism's irresistible victory. Had we not had them, we would
not have won power, and had we not maintained them, the power we
gained would not have restored health and strength to the German
people.
Our opponents during
the struggle for power believed that they had a successful attack
on us in claiming that the onrushing National Socialism had a party
program that was limited to generalities, one that allowed no concrete
positions on the problems of public and private life. Besides, the
program was only designed to deceive the people, and National Socialism
would ignore it once in power.
The Führer had already
answered these charges in the party's program: It obligated National
Socialists to defend the programmatic goals even at the risk of
their lives. Even in the earliest days we believed that the few
general principles of the program were better suited to deal with
the problems of everyday life than a well-developed theoretical
structure. This idea has proven its correctness a thousand times
over in the past three and a half years.
I am happy to say that
in my areas of endeavor in the party and state, a few National Socialist
principles have given me the sure foundation for the many difficult
decisions I have made. I am also convinced that the German people
and the world public, insofar as it is ready to evaluate the situation
objectively, will agree that developments in the German press give
daily proof of the correctness and value of our National Socialist
principles.
A look back before our
seizure of power reminds us how numerous the problems of the press
once were. Our few newspapers with their limited circulations fought
heroically in the front lines to gain power. They stood against
several thousands newspapers that represented other ideas and interests.
There were many differences between the leading newspapers back
then, but there was one thing they all lacked when compared to the
National Socialist press: they had lost their connection to the
people. They were responsible not to the people, but to some other
group, be it parties, churches, economic interests or corporations,
or they looked to their own good without considering the general
good of the people. Such a press promoted class struggle, the confusion
of social standing, religious incitement or moral decay. They did
not promote the good of the individual and the strengthening of
the community, rather collapse and decay. These newspapers that
appealed to people's lowest instincts had lost their national and
moral sense of responsibility, and had little influence.
Such a press could not
be tolerated by National Socialism, whose task is the mobilization
of all good and healthy strengths of the individual and the community,
encouraging their expression and development. The German people
is being rescued from a fragmentation of parties, classes, interests
and special interests to enable them it to find its own nature and
its own strengths once more. This requires that the whole of the
German press serve German tasks. Our party's press is always a model,
for it developed only to serve the idea and thereby the people.
The exhausting everyday work aims at reaching that end.
That makes clear the
goal of the National Socialism in the area of the press. All that
is necessary is to follow a very few National Socialist principles.
1. The good of the German
people was the goal from the beginning. The party's fight and our
positions on individual issues were never ends in themselves, but
rather they illuminated each aspect of our efforts in the light
of the whole. We knew that the people were our highest treasure.
We never wanted to impose an alien dictatorial system, but rather
through the work of each individual National Socialist to win the
confidence of the people. That is the prerequisite for leadership.
Loyalty to the people and concern for their welfare is the foundation
of the will and actions of National Socialism.
This led to my first
task: the transformation of the German press into a true German
people's press, a press that eliminated harmful, selfish or foreign
elements and served only the people and its welfare. That means
that the reader is no longer the object of a press that is harmful
or foreign to him. Rather the principle guiding the press is the
good of the individual and the community. A government that has
as its only task securing the future of the nation can create such
a press, and only such a state. In it, the interests of the state,
of the community and of the individual agree. What is it that the
reader wants from his newspaper? It should acquaint him with daily
events both large and small, letting him know how these affect his
life and how he can help the whole community. The newspaper should
bring him into contact with the community and the community into
contact with him, putting him in the center of what is happening.
Besides meeting the needs of the individual and the community, which
is the highest goal of the press, it should also satisfy his need
for relaxation.
The press has a role
in the daily life of every citizen, man, women or maturing youth,
that cannot be filled by anything else, and the state has the duty
to ensure that it can fulfill its role. Any state that is not an
end in itself has the duty to see that the only goal of the press
is to serve the people. That is why the Führer supported a
people's press at the very beginning, and commented on the harmful
effects of the press at the time in "Mein Kampf." He declared
that it was the duty of the state to stop any misuse of this instrument
of public opinion.
2. The idea of the equality
of all people stood in contrast to the National Socialist principle
of the creative power of personality. The responsibility of the
individual replaced the irresponsibility of the masses. The accomplishment
principle replaced all other principles for evaluating people. We
could therefore have no doubt that the principle of accomplishment
also applied to the press, that it was the foundation of a press
that served the people. It can be controlled only by people who
have the necessary prerequisites of character and will for these
important tasks.
As in every area of life,
here too competition is important to the full development of abilities.
Accomplishment and creativity are therefore the marks of the press
in a National Socialist state. All governmental measures concerning
the press must serve these principles.
This rules out monopoly
control of the press by any single hand. Despite all predictions
to the contrary, it is also clear that private ownership of the
press, as long as it is consistent with National Socialist views,
has been maintained. This is compelling proof for our faithfulness
to our party program and the depth of our adherence to the correctness
of its principles, since otherwise it would have been easy for us
to establish a party-owned press monopoly. That certainly would
have been pleasanter for the party press itself. But the party did
not choose the comfortable way. In the past three and a half years
its own press too has been subordinate to these principles. The
party press faced competition and had to improve. It has gained
its position as the politically leading press by its own efforts.
3. The affirmation of
the creative power of personality and accomplishment in the press
proves the falsity of our opponents' claims about National Socialism
plans and ideas. Supposedly the press would lose all lose all independence
by state ownership and control of its content.
To the contrary, we have
created the foundations for a truly independent press!
In the past, the so-called
freedom of the press did not mean the press served the people, only
that it was independent of the state. It was, however, left under
the control of other powers and influences. The freedom of the press
can only be secured when it is free from every kind of dependence.
The first prerequisite is that only worthy and appropriate people
are able to work in the press. The press must also have a sound
economic foundation that removes any possibility of influencing
it by financial means. Our principle of guaranteeing that the press
is formed by the creative power of personality assures the freedom
of its contents from outside influences, for such personalities
would not work in the press if their abilities were restricted.
We also know that a press that is the people's best comrade in their
daily struggles can develop only from the work of the newspaper
itself. A relationship between reader and the newspaper requires
a precise knowledge of the needs of the readership. Also, we have
not interfered with, and will not interfere in the future, with
the mature variety of the German press, unique in all the world.
Such variety would be destroyed by central control of its contents.
Of course, the way in which the important questions of a nation
are discussed in public does require that the state protect the
people from harm. A state that fails in its duty to protect the
people from such damaging press activity has lost its right to exist,
for the people, not the press is the measure of all things!
Thus the National Socialist
state does influence the press with regard to the vital issues of
the nation. The newspaper must serve the whole. In areas where only
the state is able to judge what is necessary, it has priority. The
press still depends entirely on the work of its members. That is
not interfering in the press, but rather a way of increasing its
value for the people and the nation by preventing the press from
doing great harm. Germany would today not have regained its military
freedom or the Rhine land, it would not have borders guarded by
weapons and aircraft, it would have no super highways and major
buildings, but it would have seven million more unemployed, if the
value of such measures had been argued in the press. The result
when the press is not subject to such restrictions is clear from
Germany's terrible fate after the World War.
My most important goal
is to protect our press from outside influence. The seriousness
with which the state takes the independence of the press is proven
by its laws, for through the Reich Chamber of Culture Law and the
Editor's Law the press itself has the responsibility of fulfilling
its mission. This is in contrast to all other countries in the world,
where press control is exercised by the police.
Only the application
of these principles can ensure that the press serves the good of
the community. This is clear from the devastating example of the
press before National Socialism, which never was concerned with
that issue. The goal was never to protect the people, but to serve
the press as an end in itself. It was of no interest if the press
were bought by some force and used to harm the people. Nor did it
care if the makers of the press had the ability to say something
to the people that was in its interest. The talk of freedom of the
press only made the individual defenseless against the misuse of
the press.
All the measures National
Socialism has implemented flow from these principles. These include
the Reich Chamber of Culture Law, the regulations of the Reich Chamber
of Culture, the Editor's Law, and the Advertising Council of the
German Economy. The Reich Chamber of Culture and the Editor's Law
view the press not as an end in itself, but as the work of creative
personalities. They therefore involve everyone working in the press
and give them appropriate guidelines. Finally, the legal prerequisites
for implement the principle exist. Only those of ability and character
may use the instrument of the press. These laws provide the basis
for excluding all those elements who would misuse the press, and
open the way for those with ability. Through these laws and regulations,
we have done solid National Socialist work. Let me summarize the
most important measures and their results.
1. All non-Aryans and
those with non-Aryan relatives are prohibited from working in the
press. The German press today is produced by Germans and is an expression
of German culture and the German soul.
2. All special interests
and organizations who oppose the unity of the nation, whether of
economic or religious nature, as well as all their advocates and
functionaries have been eliminated from the German press. The German
press no longer is divided into segments that serve classes, churches
and economic interests, but rather it serves the entirety of the
German people. All those working in the press are obliged to serve
only the common good of the German people.
3. We have also excluded
all those from the German press who lacked the necessary abilities.
This includes elements that used the press to split rather than
unify, those to whom the people was not the highest value, who used
religion to fragment the nation, who saw the press only as a business.
We have ruthlessly removed them all. The whole German press today
is worthy of its task.
4. We have made personal
responsibility the foundation of the press, and eliminated such
influences as those of anonymous capital or intermediaries for third
parties.
5. Subventions or other
support for the press, regardless of their form, are forbidden,
and thus the possibility of corruption is ruled out.
On the other hand, we
have done all in our power to provide a firm economic foundation
for publishers. Among many other measures, the regulations on advertising
from the Advertising Council of the German Economy serve this goal.
Above all, we have reduced the total number of newspapers, which
was the result of the former identification of parts of the press
with various special interests. The result is that the economic
health of the newspaper industry has increased, and promises good
social and economic conditions in the future .
6. We have insisted that
the press has intellectual and cultural public responsibilities
for everyone, whether editor or publisher, and have eliminated any
idea of the press as an end in itself. The economic functions too
serve the intellectual goals of the press. We have removed all involvement
in the press from those companies that had a purely economic interest.
This guarantees that the press serves the people, not private interests
that may harm them.
7. We have made known
to those in the German press the importance of their tasks, which
obliges them to work to the best of their abilities. It is now self-evident
to all those working in the German press that their work is based
on the foundation of truth, the protection of individual honor,
regard for morality and national discipline.
8. Earlier the members
of the press fought amongst themselves. We have formed a profession
involving them all, regardless of function, and thus built the foundation
for a professional outlook suited to the magnitude of their responsibilities.
The success of our measures
is evident in the growth of the publishing firms as well as in the
increase in the total circulation of the German press. Our enemies
once predicted that the victory of National Socialist would mean
the end of the German press. This prophecy has proved as false as
all their others.
Before National Socialist
legislation, the circulation of the press was uncertain. There was
no law requiring accurate figures be given, and there were various
ways of determining circulation. We defined the concept and required
that accurate figures be given. There are about 17 million households
in Germany. The circulation of the German daily press in the first
quarter of 1936 was 19,700,000. That means that every German home
receives a newspaper, without even considering magazines.
There are still some
prophets, mostly among the emigrants, who cannot stop lying. These
boys believe that the reduced number of German newspapers is proof
of the correctness of their former prophesies. Let me speak clearly
to that:
The strength and impact
of the German press has not declined simply because the number of
individual newspapers is less. We have gotten rid of the sensational
press along with all the other newspapers that served something
other than the German people. The 2,000 papers that today serve
the German people are worth far more to us than the 3,250 papers
of the past that to a significant degree worshiped at altars other
than the fatherland, and which therefore had to be sacrificed for
the fatherland!
And what better evidence
for the strength of the German press is there than that despite
the reduction in the number of newspapers, the total circulation
has increased! To those prophets I have this to say: Just as the
German people have defeated forces harmful to them and thereby regained
their freedom and strength, so too the German press has been freed
from these elements and has its lasting place in Germany. I might
also give them the good advice to direct their attention to the
press in other nations.
In my address to the
party congress last year I referred to the criticism of the press
levied by leading statesmen in the western democracies. Today I
will discuss the press in a country that is carrying out a revolutionary
transformation of the press: Soviet Russia.
It is obvious that Jewish
Bolshevism is using entirely different press principles than we
National Socialists. That is clear even in the way it implements
its policies. We retained all the valuable principles of the past,
but in Russia they have followed the principle of destruction. We
have kept that which honestly served the German people, but Bolshevism
began by destroying everything that existed. We retained individual
personality, initiative and competition as the foundations of the
press, and also private property. In Communist Russia, as in everything
else they established a monopoly of the state, the unions and the
collectives. Our whole purpose was to build a press that served
the German people, while Bolshevism tolerated only a proletarian
class press that strove to eliminate all not in the ruling class.
It is no surprise that their journalists are almost entirely Jewish.
Jewish control of the press system is more advanced than any other
area of the Soviet state.
The content of our press
is determined by the needs of the people, whereas the contents of
the communist press are determined by the press department of the
Central Committee of the Communist Party. It also has censorship
authority. Furthermore, each edition of a newspaper must pass state
censorship before it can be distributed. The rules and administrative
system rule out any independence on the part of the press. It is
merely an instrument of Jewish class rule. Given the nature of communist
doctrine, it is obvious that all moral and national virtues are
entirely lacking, or are the targets of the communist press' campaign
of annihilation.
Given communist doctrine
and its attitude toward the press, it is also obvious that not only
the press, but also journalists themselves are under the state.
Government regulations control every aspect of journalistic activity.
Detailed rules determine their compensation and activities. This
makes particularly clear the nonsense of communist planning. It
is not surprising that their are few communist journalists, since
their economic position is very bad. As an example, even after a
pay increase several years ago, only about 10% of provincial journalists
even owned a pocket watch.
Our press can depend
on competition and a sound and responsible leadership on the part
of publishers. The monopoly of the press in Russia has completely
destroyed its economic foundations. Aside from the three Moscow
newspapers, all Russian newspapers lose money and required government
subventions of 30 million rubles in 1930. The elimination of personality
and competition naturally, the logical result of communist teaching,
replaced sound economics. The people had to pay for the resulting
losses. The communist planned economy took intellectual and business
matters from the publishers, leaving them only with the organizational
and technical aspects of putting out a newspaper. The state makes
all the important decisions. It determines the newspaper's planning,
its circulation area, its circulation, its content. Its postal monopoly
controls the distribution. The advertising business, also a monopoly,
is entirely insignificant as a result of the communist economic
system.
Building the Russian
system on foundations entirely different from those of National
Socialism naturally led to grotesque consequences. The newspapers'
content is bad. The level of the average journalist in the Soviet
Union is low. "Pravda," the leading communist newspaper,
recently published a letter that said: "We have few journalists
with initiative who can handle a question independently." Most
editors have passed only a middle-level exam in Russian writing,
and many are semi-illiterate. Many articles as a result have several
authors, since no single journalist is able to write them. The 18
June 1936 issue of "Pravda" provides examples of poor
reporting even from the sole official Russian news agency "Tass."
The leading communist newspaper has been carrying regular articles
about the complete inadequacy of the Russian press.
The same deficiencies
are evident in every area. The distribution of newspapers and magazines
is the result more of accident than orderly plan. The members of
the Bolshevist government responsible for the press were unable
to conceal its catastrophic failures and weaknesses at the communist
press congress this past May. They mentioned the obvious weaknesses
in journalists' knowledge of simple political and economic matters,
which had to be publicly criticized, and added that newspapers and
magazines are often distributed irregularly. As an example, magazines
dated in January saw the light of the day only in March or April.
The propaganda chief of the Communist Party said: "This is
true contempt for the subscribers. Those responsible must be punished."
This communist spokesman forgot to mention only that these problems
are not accidental, but rather the result of the application of
communist principles.
The Soviet press catastrophe
shows with frightening clarity what would have happened to the German
press and our other cultural values if National Socialism had not
rescued our people and fatherland from the hands of Jewish Bolshevism.
When the Führer
returned from the war as an unknown soldier and began his struggle
to rescue the German nation, he had nothing but his own will. The
press of the whole world was against him, above all the press of
self-serving parties. Here too the National Socialist state changed
the face of Germany. The face of the German press today reflects
the living soul and creativity of the German people.
We have not found it
necessary to harm our people by making experiments with uncertain
outcomes. We have not wasted party or government money. Our only
capital was the incomparable experience of a 14-year struggle and
the unshakable will to solve the tasks the Führer gave us.
We established the economic foundation of the German press on National
Socialist principles and built upon that foundation.
Old National Socialists
always think back to the spirit of the period of struggle. When
one battle was finished, the Führer stood before us and gave
the order "the fight continues." These words are the best
expression of the laws we follow in working for the German people,
for they command us never to tire or rest until our work is done.
The slogan today is the
same as always. Then the struggle was to gain control of state power.
Today our task is to work every day to fulfill the meaning of the
National Socialist seizure of power: to make the nation healthy
and strong in all areas by realizing the program of the movement.
My Führer! In the
past years the measures we have taken, in close cooperation with
our party comrade Dr. Goebbels, have fulfilled point 23 of our party
platform.
German Road Construction
Dr. Fritz Todt
This is the third time
that I have been reported on the construction of our Führer's
roads to the Party Congress.
Two years ago I announced
the beginning of work on these roads throughout the Reich.
A year ago I reported
on the efforts of 250,000 German workers, who after long years of
unemployment had found work in building Adolf Hitler's roads.
Today, just three years
after the work began, I announce the completion of the first 1000
kilometers of Adolf Hitler's roads.
"Give me four years,"
the Führer asked the German people at the beginning of 1933.
None of the great tasks that the Führer's will set in motion
has been neglected. After three years, unemployment has practically
disappeared. The military has been restored in the third year. And
I can announce that German highway construction has also become
a reality.
About 600 kilometers
of the Reich Autobahn have been finished by German workers and engineers
and opened to traffic. German motorists have welcomed the new roads.
Over 14,000 vehicles use the section from Munich to Rosenheim each
Sunday in the direction of Berchtesgaden. 6,000 to 10,000 use the
other completed sections near Frankfurt, Cologne, Leipzig, Hanover,
Stettin, Breslau, etc.
The completed sections
of the Reich Autobahn have already become the most heavily used
roads in the world.
The capacity of the new
roads is best demonstrated by traffic statistics. 1800 vehicles,
one vehicle every two seconds, smoothly travel the most heavily
trafficked sections each Sunday during a two hour period.
While the number of vehicles
from both home and abroad rises steadily, the labor of 250,000 workers
is adding yet further kilometers to the system. This past summer,
ten new kilometers were completed each day. The major accomplishments
to date are:
About 170,000,000 cubic
meters of earth have been moved (this would fill a line of trucks
extending around the world four times);
5,000,000 cubic meters
of concrete have been used (filling 100,000 railway cars).
The German workers have
been supported by a fleet of 50,000 trucks, 2300 locomotives, 3,000
kilometers of track and 1000 concrete machines.
Not only enthusiastic
German drivers, but the entire world admires this great work of
German labor.
Numerous foreign guests
attending the Olympics noted our road construction.
A leading American said:
"Tell Dr. Todt that he is building the best roads in the world."
23 Swedes told a daily
newspaper in their capital: "The Autobahns are the best automobile
highways in the world."
A French newspaper commented:
"France once led the world in highway construction, but it
has fallen far behind Germany."
Members of the Swiss
Automobile Club wrote: "Once a tourist had driven on the Autobahn,
he is spoiled."
A Danish newspaper:
"They are the expression of a national energy that compels
the greatest admiration."
And the headline to
an article about Adolf Hitler's roads in a British newspaper says:
"England Needs Such Nazi Roads!"
Only one country and
one system is unable to recognize our accomplishments: Russia. They
make the lying claim that our road construction program is only
on paper. That gives us the right to take a brief look at road construction
in the Soviet paradise. What is its plan, its accomplishments?
Control of Russia's highways
rests not as before with the experts, but with the police. That
is justified, since highway construction in Russia uses forced labor
exclusively. There is no free labor, or free companies. Highway
labor is compulsory not only for prisoners, but also for the rural
population. Each man from 18 to 45 and each woman from 18 to 40
must give a certain amount of time each year without pay for highway
construction. More prosperous farmers and their families must give
double the standard amount of labor. The newspapers at present are
reporting that a major military highway is to be built connecting
Moscow and Minsk. 30,000 political prisoners are to do the work.
Despite the massive scale
of forced labor used to build Russian roads, the actual accomplishments
are limited. It gives a miserable impression of the actual results
of repeated five-year plans.
The enormous nation of
Russia today has just 60,000 kilometers of paved roads, just 12
meters per square kilometer. Germany and other European nations
in contrast have on average 40 times as much paved road per square
kilometer as Russia. The limited amount of paved roads testifies
to the low level of automotive culture in this large, yet barren
and uncultured nation.
Russia does not need
more roads, since the huge country had barely 320,000 vehicles today.
Russia's entire supply of motorized vehicles is no greater than
the number of new vehicles in Germany over the past year and a half.
The miserable situation
is clear from the goals of the second five-year plan.
The amount of paved highways
is to increase from 60,000 to 80,000 kilometers, that is from 12
to 16 meters per square kilometer.
The second five-year
plan also proposes to establish 55 large and 172 smaller repair
shops and 1000 filling stations in the huge country. We have nothing
with which to compare the wretchedness of this program and its goals.
We do not live in the
Soviet paradise, but rather in National Socialist Germany, in the
Reich of Adolf Hitler. We work with free workers to carry out the
Führer's tasks.
On 23 September, less
than 900 days from the beginning efforts, the first 1000 kilometers
of Adolf Hitler's roads will be finished. They are roads unequaled
anywhere else in the world in their technical excellence and beauty.
Is this a work of technology?
No! Like so much else, it is the work of Adolf Hitler!
The Wehrmacht on the Zeppelin Field
After the series of marches
that each day give the Reich Party Rally its most visible form,
the Day of the Wehrmacht on the Zeppelin Field brings the week to
an end.
To give the hundreds
of thousands of party rally participants the opportunity to see
the Wehrmacht, there were two parades on Monday. The first was at
8:00 a.m. Minister of War General Field Marshall von Blomberg gave
a short speech to the troops and presented them with their new standards.
The Führer was present for the second parade in the afternoon.
The Führer and Supreme Commander spoke to his soldiers. A gathering
of all participating military units on the Zeppelin Field and a
solemn flag-lowering ceremony at midnight at the Führer's hotel
completed the Day of the Wehrmacht.
The enormous stands surrounding
the Zeppelin Field were of course packed by early morning with those
who were eagerly awaiting the military spectacle. The fall air was
fine and sunny. The many swastika flags were supplemented by the
Reich Battle Flag.
Many of the viewers were
not familiar with the nature of our modern army. The program was
designed to give them an overview of the various military units
and their role in the army as a whole. Of course, the space available
did not allow for genuine military maneuvers, since the troops were
restricted to a relatively limited area.
The loudspeakers announced
the beginning of the parade at 8:00 a.m. sharp. The Luftwaffe demonstrated
its capacities and duties. Reconnaissance aircraft appeared high
above, with another group soon coming from the opposite direction.
New formations appeared a few minutes later, their deep drone audible
from afar. A fighter squadron flew low over the field. Behind them
came the "Hindenburg" squadron, followed by squadrons
153 and 155. Then came groups from the "General Wever"
and "Bölcke" squadrons.
The air is filled with
the sounds of the larg |